La infección por VIH como factor de riesgo para el COVID 19: Una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis

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Silvia Juliana Vásquez-Lozano
Alberto Diaz

Resumen

Hay muchas preguntas sobre el comportamiento de la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) en personas que viven con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (PVVIH). No está claro si tienen un mayor riesgo de complicaciones o una mayor mortalidad que la población general. Se comparó el riesgo de infección por síndrome respiratorio agudo severo coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), riesgo de síntomas graves por COVID-19 y riesgo de mortalidad por COVID-19 de PVVIH con personas sin virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Se realizaron búsquedas en EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, LILACS y SCIELO desde enero de 2020 hasta marzo de 2021. Se eligieron 22 estudios de cohortes/casos y controles. Se utilizó Software Review Manager 5.4 para el metanálisis. Se identificó un mayor riesgo de mortalidad (2,07) debido a la COVID-19 entre las personas con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) en comparación con las personas sin VIH. La infección por VIH es un factor de riesgo para COVID-19; debe administrarse especialmente a pacientes con carga viral alta, conteo bajo de CD4 y que actualmente no estén recibiendo terapia antiviral (TAR).

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